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| R - Rate of formation of suitable stars in our galaxy (number per year) | R = | |
| Fp - Fraction (percentage) of those stars with planets | Fp = | % |
| Ne -Number of "earths" per planetary system | Ne = | |
| Fl - Fraction (percentage) of those planets where life develops | Fl = | % |
| Fi - Fraction (percentage) of sites with intelligent life | Fi = | % |
| Fc - Fraction (percentage) of planets where technology develops | Fc = | % |
| L - "Lifetime" of communicating civilizations (years) | L = | |
| R * Fp * Ne * Fl * Fi * Fc * L = N | ||
| N - Number of communicative civilizations | N = |